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	<title>Comments on: How do you introduce integrals?</title>
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	<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/</link>
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		<title>By: Reprise on Integration &#171; Continuous Everywhere but Differentiable Nowhere</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-867</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Reprise on Integration &#171; Continuous Everywhere but Differentiable Nowhere]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 02:23:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-867</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] on&#160;Integration Posted in Uncategorized by samjshah on March 10th, 2009   Recently, I posted a bit asking people how they introduce integrals. And I got a ton of different responses, which was wonderful. I am going to copy a few bits of [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] on&nbsp;Integration Posted in Uncategorized by samjshah on March 10th, 2009   Recently, I posted a bit asking people how they introduce integrals. And I got a ton of different responses, which was wonderful. I am going to copy a few bits of [...]</p>
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		<title>By: sumidiot</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-866</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[sumidiot]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2009 23:06:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-866</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#039;ve only taught this content a few times, but the way I liked best was along the lines of what @Andy suggests above. I teach antidifferentiation for a day or so. I indicate that it&#039;s worthwhile by bringing up the dist/velo/accel relationship. We&#039;ve always gone down that chain, but it&#039;s really not unreasonable to go back up, and antidifferentiation will do that. I haven&#039;t used the graphicl approach that @DavidP suggests (given f&#039;, sketch f), but I do love that exercise when doing derivatives (who doesn&#039;t?), so expect that I&#039;d also appreciate it for the antiderivative.

After just that I say, let&#039;s start something new: I&#039;m tired of only being able to compute areas of circles polygons (really only triangles and rectangles, about the limit of my memory). Let&#039;s, given a function f, and bounds a and b, try to find the area &#039;under&#039; f. Then talk about computing this via Riemann sums, but point out how difficult that is, and wish there was a better way. Then, I say, hey, just for grins, let&#039;s let F(x)=int_a^x f(x) dx, and think about it&#039;s derivative. Walking through the proof of FTC, we find F&#039;=f, and I have them remind me that this is called antidifferentiation.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve only taught this content a few times, but the way I liked best was along the lines of what @Andy suggests above. I teach antidifferentiation for a day or so. I indicate that it&#8217;s worthwhile by bringing up the dist/velo/accel relationship. We&#8217;ve always gone down that chain, but it&#8217;s really not unreasonable to go back up, and antidifferentiation will do that. I haven&#8217;t used the graphicl approach that @DavidP suggests (given f&#8217;, sketch f), but I do love that exercise when doing derivatives (who doesn&#8217;t?), so expect that I&#8217;d also appreciate it for the antiderivative.</p>
<p>After just that I say, let&#8217;s start something new: I&#8217;m tired of only being able to compute areas of circles polygons (really only triangles and rectangles, about the limit of my memory). Let&#8217;s, given a function f, and bounds a and b, try to find the area &#8216;under&#8217; f. Then talk about computing this via Riemann sums, but point out how difficult that is, and wish there was a better way. Then, I say, hey, just for grins, let&#8217;s let F(x)=int_a^x f(x) dx, and think about it&#8217;s derivative. Walking through the proof of FTC, we find F&#8217;=f, and I have them remind me that this is called antidifferentiation.</p>
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		<title>By: samjshah</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-865</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[samjshah]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2009 23:03:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-865</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[@Adam: I like the idea of doing simple differential equations. I think I&#039;ll add that next year.

@Christine: I thought it went fabulously. You remind me that I should make a followup post. I&#039;ll try to get to that this week.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Adam: I like the idea of doing simple differential equations. I think I&#8217;ll add that next year.</p>
<p>@Christine: I thought it went fabulously. You remind me that I should make a followup post. I&#8217;ll try to get to that this week.</p>
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		<title>By: Christine Guest</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-861</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Christine Guest]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2009 11:41:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-861</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When I was a student, I remember finding derivatives confusing, but integration very natural, it fit with what I remembered from geometry about the method of finding the area of a circle by smaller and smaller arcs (Archemedes?) and what my boyfriend (now my husband) had been explaining  his college engineering classes.  Sometimes what I visualized was a crocheted pattern, I was making sweaters and lace at the time.

Of course,  encouraging your students to fall in love with engineering students and talk about math is not a real practical suggestion, so how did your introduction go over?

-Christine]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When I was a student, I remember finding derivatives confusing, but integration very natural, it fit with what I remembered from geometry about the method of finding the area of a circle by smaller and smaller arcs (Archemedes?) and what my boyfriend (now my husband) had been explaining  his college engineering classes.  Sometimes what I visualized was a crocheted pattern, I was making sweaters and lace at the time.</p>
<p>Of course,  encouraging your students to fall in love with engineering students and talk about math is not a real practical suggestion, so how did your introduction go over?</p>
<p>-Christine</p>
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		<title>By: Adam Glesser</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-858</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adam Glesser]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 08 Mar 2009 21:24:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-858</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This semester, I tried a completely different way to transiition into integration. I took the point of view that the most important application of the antiderivative is not solving area problems, but rather helping to solve differential equations. I introduced a little of the basic terminology of differential equations and then showed them some standard examples. In the course of trying to solve these, the students were naturally led to asking the question, &quot;what function has my function as its derivative?&quot; The students quickly discovered the power rule and, with some effort, substitution. I used some artificial differential equations to motivate the other rules. Only after the students knew how to solve the integrals and how they are used to solve differential equations did I begin mentioning areas. When I brought those out, the students were sold on their usefulness.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This semester, I tried a completely different way to transiition into integration. I took the point of view that the most important application of the antiderivative is not solving area problems, but rather helping to solve differential equations. I introduced a little of the basic terminology of differential equations and then showed them some standard examples. In the course of trying to solve these, the students were naturally led to asking the question, &#8220;what function has my function as its derivative?&#8221; The students quickly discovered the power rule and, with some effort, substitution. I used some artificial differential equations to motivate the other rules. Only after the students knew how to solve the integrals and how they are used to solve differential equations did I begin mentioning areas. When I brought those out, the students were sold on their usefulness.</p>
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		<title>By: Math Teachers at Play #2 &#171; Let&#8217;s Play Math!</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-841</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Math Teachers at Play #2 &#171; Let&#8217;s Play Math!]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2009 11:06:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-841</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] Samjshah of Continuous Everywhere but Differentiable Nowhere asks calculus teachers, How do you introduce integrals? [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Samjshah of Continuous Everywhere but Differentiable Nowhere asks calculus teachers, How do you introduce integrals? [...]</p>
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		<title>By: TwoPi</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-834</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[TwoPi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2009 09:54:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-834</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I usually start off with velocity examples, and in each case link the displacement calculation (or approximation) to the geometry of computing the area under the graph of velocity versus time.

So start with constant velocity, then linear velocity (and sometimes nice quick applications involving stopping distances for cars at various initial velocities).

At some point, the generalization to accumulating the rate-of-change of a quantity over time gets introduced, which then suggests that this Riemann sum process is an inverse of the finding a rate of change process that they&#039;ve already mastered.  Voila, a plausible handwaving of the Fundamental Theorem.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I usually start off with velocity examples, and in each case link the displacement calculation (or approximation) to the geometry of computing the area under the graph of velocity versus time.</p>
<p>So start with constant velocity, then linear velocity (and sometimes nice quick applications involving stopping distances for cars at various initial velocities).</p>
<p>At some point, the generalization to accumulating the rate-of-change of a quantity over time gets introduced, which then suggests that this Riemann sum process is an inverse of the finding a rate of change process that they&#8217;ve already mastered.  Voila, a plausible handwaving of the Fundamental Theorem.</p>
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		<title>By: Nick Hershman</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-832</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nick Hershman]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2009 00:27:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-832</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hi Sam, as a side note I liked the brain 1-2 conversation in the way that it points out a bit of self-awareness. I&#039;d think kids in ap calc would generally be observant of things like noticing the errant 3 from the initial guess at x^2, but it&#039;s a nice way to get them watching for errors and figuring out what you do with coefficients.

Generally, I like the ask questions first teach skills later approach.

How are you going to make the leap to the areas under the curve? Seems like they&#039;ll be good at doing the formula stuff, do you just do last year&#039;s lesson after the new strategy this year?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi Sam, as a side note I liked the brain 1-2 conversation in the way that it points out a bit of self-awareness. I&#8217;d think kids in ap calc would generally be observant of things like noticing the errant 3 from the initial guess at x^2, but it&#8217;s a nice way to get them watching for errors and figuring out what you do with coefficients.</p>
<p>Generally, I like the ask questions first teach skills later approach.</p>
<p>How are you going to make the leap to the areas under the curve? Seems like they&#8217;ll be good at doing the formula stuff, do you just do last year&#8217;s lesson after the new strategy this year?</p>
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		<title>By: samjshah</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-831</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[samjshah]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Feb 2009 11:32:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-831</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[@David P: Great minds think alike! Um... i LOVE the idea of putting the function on the same graph paper but giving it different scales. Find the area under the curve from 0 to 1. WITH DIFFERENT SCALES. OMG. GENIUS!

@Daniel: Ah, learning it first in Physics... you don&#039;t really get exposed to the undergirdings of the concept. Blah. But thank you so much for your perspective. Last year I only spent a little time on Riemann Sums and how they relate to integration (because they&#039;re so tedious), but I will take a goodly amt of time thanks to your suggestion.

@jd: After what I saw yesterday, I think I&#039;m never going back. 

@Andy: Interesting... you show them how to do position/vel/acc problems BEFORE showing them integration. I never thought of that, because I&#039;m always like &quot;displacement/position is the area under the curve!&quot; I like the graphical relationship when showing that, but I&#039;ll have to think this through. 

Thanks everyone for your extensive and thoughtful comments. They are really helpful!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@David P: Great minds think alike! Um&#8230; i LOVE the idea of putting the function on the same graph paper but giving it different scales. Find the area under the curve from 0 to 1. WITH DIFFERENT SCALES. OMG. GENIUS!</p>
<p>@Daniel: Ah, learning it first in Physics&#8230; you don&#8217;t really get exposed to the undergirdings of the concept. Blah. But thank you so much for your perspective. Last year I only spent a little time on Riemann Sums and how they relate to integration (because they&#8217;re so tedious), but I will take a goodly amt of time thanks to your suggestion.</p>
<p>@jd: After what I saw yesterday, I think I&#8217;m never going back. </p>
<p>@Andy: Interesting&#8230; you show them how to do position/vel/acc problems BEFORE showing them integration. I never thought of that, because I&#8217;m always like &#8220;displacement/position is the area under the curve!&#8221; I like the graphical relationship when showing that, but I&#8217;ll have to think this through. </p>
<p>Thanks everyone for your extensive and thoughtful comments. They are really helpful!</p>
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		<title>By: Andy</title>
		<link>http://samjshah.com/2009/02/26/how-do-you-introduce-integrals/#comment-828</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Feb 2009 13:06:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://samjshah.com/?p=1168#comment-828</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I like the activities you are using.  I usually teach anti-derivatives as part of my derivatives unit.  Your activities are better versions of what I do on that topic.  I also show how it applies to the position, velocity, acceleration problems.  Then I transition to my integration unit.  I don&#039;t even tell them about integration and anti-differentiation being related.  I just talk about area and then when we get the the fundamental theorem, I am able to drop the crazy idea on them that integration and differentiation are related.  I enjoy their reactions to that.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I like the activities you are using.  I usually teach anti-derivatives as part of my derivatives unit.  Your activities are better versions of what I do on that topic.  I also show how it applies to the position, velocity, acceleration problems.  Then I transition to my integration unit.  I don&#8217;t even tell them about integration and anti-differentiation being related.  I just talk about area and then when we get the the fundamental theorem, I am able to drop the crazy idea on them that integration and differentiation are related.  I enjoy their reactions to that.</p>
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